Mexico

Alamos

• November 2017
  • Trip Report
  • Species List
• December 2023
  • Trip Report

Butterflies & Birds

• February 2020
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• February 2022
  • Trip Report
• February 2023
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• February 2024
  • Species List
  • Trip Report

Oaxaca

• October 2021
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• August 2022
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• October 2022
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• August 2023
  • Trip Report
• January 2024
  • Species List

Sea of Cortés

• March 2017
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• February 2019
  • Trip Report
  • Species List
• March 2022
  • Species List
  • Trip Report
• March 2023
  • Trip Report

Veracruz

• September 2019
  • Trip Report
  • Species List
• September 2021
  • Trip Report
  • Species List
• October 2022
  • Trip Report
  • Species List

This information is important for being prepared for your journey; we want you to have the best experience possible. If you only read one section, this one is key!

Ahead of Your Tour

• Make sure your passport will be valid at time of entry into Mexico through the date of departure. We highly recommend valid 3 months beyond the end of the tour in case of unforseen travel delays. See "Passports, Visas & Documentation" section below for details.
• You do not need a VISA to travel to Mexico, but you will be required to complete and purchase (currently $20 USD paid in cash at the time of issue) a Mexico Tourist Card. We stop for this card at the government office set up to issue them on our first day about twenty minutes down from the border crossing.
• Please check current CDC recommendations for travel to Mexico and consult with your doctor about general travel vaccinations you should have as precaution for travel. See the “General Health and Inoculations” section below.
• Travel insurance in case of serious medical emergency is strongly recommended. Full health coverage and repatriation is available through Allianz Travel Insurance.
• Plan your flight reservations to arrive into and depart from Tucson International Airport (TUS). Send a copy to the Naturalist Journeys office please.
• Soft sided luggage/duffel bags are easiest for packing the vans. Pack essential medications in your carry-on luggage, as well as one day of clothing and optics in case of luggage delay.

Arrival in Tucson International Airport (TUS)

Please note: If you are delayed in travel, please refer to your emergency contact list, and contact your ground operator, with a copy to our office. You may also phone or text your guide.

You can arrive at your leisure today, please try to arrive by 5PM for the welcome dinner at 6:30PM. Note, we do have an early start the following day (7AM, having loaded our luggage).

Please check the Travel Details tab of this tour for additional information and updates.

Depart Tucson International Airport (TUS)

You may depart at your leisure as we arrive back to Tucson the previous night. Plan on being at the airport at least two hours ahead of your flight; our hotel has a handy airport shuttle.

Please check the Travel Details tab of this tour for additional information and updates.

Passports, Visas and Documents 

Guidelines and regulations can change. It is always advisable to double-check the country’s documentation requirements 60-90 days ahead of traveling. Information for U.S. citizens can be found at Information for U.S. citizens can be found at: travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Mexico.html. If you are from another country, please contact the tour destination’s embassy website for guidelines.

Passport: You must have a passport in good condition and valid at the time on entry into Mexico. However, we highly suggest at least 3 months validity beyond the end of the tour to allow for unexpected delays in return travel. Please check your expiration date carefully! We advise having at least one blank passport page per entry stamp. U.S. citizens attempting to enter Mexico at an airport with a U.S. passport card only may be denied entry. 

Visa: You do not need a VISA to travel to Mexico, but you will be required to complete and purchase (currently $20 USD paid in cash at the time of issue) a Mexico Tourist Card. We stop for this card at the government office set up to issue them on our first day about twenty minutes down from the border crossing. 

As a precaution for lost or misplaced documents you carry on your person during travel, we highly recommend you keep hard and digital backup copies on your phone (either photo or PDF scan), as well as a hard copy left with your emergency contact at home. The recommended important documents to copy include, but are not limited to; your passport ID page, the front and back of your credit card(s), the airline barcode on your luggage. This will greatly expedite getting new ones if necessary – we hope everyone will always keep travel documents close so that losing them will not be an issue.

General Health & Inoculations Information – Be Prepared!

Health requirements for entry to any country can change. It is always advisable to double-check the country’s health requirements and recommendations 60-90 days ahead of traveling. A helpful website for planning is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website for Mexico or by phone (800) CDC-INFO or (800) 232-4636.

We will share a copy of the health information that you provided with your guide. This information will be kept confidential but is very important in case of a medical emergency.

Vaccinations: Bring your up-to-date vaccination records with you. At the time of writing there were no other required vaccinations to enter Mexico. However, the CDC recommends that all travelers be up to date with routine vaccinations and basic travel vaccines (such as Hepatitis A and Typhoid) before traveling to any destination. Please check with your doctor for recommendations at least 4-6 weeks before departing on your trip. 

Prescriptions: It is a good idea to pack any meds you take regularly in your carry-on luggage.  Bring an extra pair of glasses or contact lenses. Bring an adequate supply of any prescription medications you use, a copy of the prescription and a list of generic names of your medicines as “back-up” in case it is necessary to purchase drugs while abroad. You’ll want to keep medications in their original, labeled containers. 

Allergies: To be prepared for environmental triggers to allergies or breathing difficulties, please bring your allergy and/or asthma medication(s).  If you have severe allergies talk to your doctor about carrying an EPI pen and notify your guides. It is also recommended to carry with you an up-to-date record of known allergies, chronic medical problems and Medic Alerts so that, if necessary, emergency treatment can be carried out without endangering your health.

Common Ailments: We recommend that you bring a travel-sized first aid kit and a supply of standard over-the-counter medications for prevention or treatment of common ailments (such as diarrhea, constipation, stomach upset, cough, congestion, head or body aches, motion sickness, insect bites and sunburn); as well as ointments, moisturizer, sunscreen, oral rehydration salts, band-aids, moleskin for blisters, cotton swabs, nail clippers, and tweezers, etc.

Weather & Climate

Weather is generally mild with warm days and cool nights this time of year. Overall, expect lows in the mid-40s at night and 50s early in the morning. Daytime averages are in the mid-70s and sometimes into the mid-80s. There is a minimal possibility of rain, though if it rains, temperatures can be a bit lower.

Annoyances & Hazards

The expected relatively dry weather should keep insects to a minimum.  If you do sense insect activity, you can best protect yourself from the risk of bug bites by covering exposed skin with long-sleeved shirts and long pants, socks, and hats. Use an appropriate insect repellant (containing at least 20% DEET) spray and/or easy-to-apply repellent wipes. Permethrin-treated clothing and gear can also be a good optioin.

Food & Drinks

Our lodging and restaurants will give you a good overall feel for the warm hospitality and wonderfully varied culture and cuisine of Mexico. Restaurants have been carefully researched to insure that food has been prepared in a sanitary environment. As with any case when traveling we urge you to consider what your body is used to before you eat something. Trust your common sense when consuming food and beverages. This is the best way to avoid any unwanted problems. Ask for recommendations from your hotel or refer to a guidebook such as Frommers.

Generally, sanitation and cleanliness have improved significantly in Mexico but tap water should not be consumed. We urge you to use purified bottled water for drinking and brushing your teeth. Purified water will be available everywhere you go, as well as purified ice. There will be a cooler full of drinks that your guide will keep stocked during the trip. Bring a refillable water bottle that you can refill from larger bottles of purified water as needed; this helps enormously to cut down on the use of plastics. A number of restaurants and hotels will use purified water, but you may want to ask first to be sure.

Alcoholic beverages are not included in the price of the trip. El Pedgregal will typically ask guests to keep track of their consumption during the trip and then settle up at the end of the trip, adding up totals and adding a tip. They have a nice selection of local handicrafts and art as well. There may be individual bills at restaurants, with a tab just at the lodge. Your guides will advise. It is handy to have cash for these to save time, though most locations do accept credit cards

Packing, Clothing & Laundry

Dress is very informal and laundry services are available for a fee at El Pedregal. While some people will change for dinner, it is usually just to a drier or cleaner version of what they wore during the day. Again, the climate is warm to hot, so you will be comfortable in lightweight clothing.

Please, pack light. We are serious about this – we move around a lot; you just do not need much to cope with tropical life! Please do not bring anything more than you must. Lay out your hopeful things to take and then do a serious paring down please! 

TRAVEL TIP: Imagine NOT getting your suitcase. Wear your most important shoes for the field and have one day’s clothing change (including a change of underwear!). And please do not pack any essential medications, or your vital optics, in your checked luggage!

Spending Money

The official currency in Mexico is the Peso but the US dollar is accepted almost anywhere. For times when it is not, there is an exchange booth about 20 minutes south of the border where you will stop to get your border crossing tourist card. We advise that you carry a mix of different types of payments, such as cash, an ATM card, and a credit card. For the current exchange rate, please refer to an online converter tool like www.xe.com or your bank. U.S. dollars in good condition (no rips or tears) are taken as a form of payment but shopping for smaller handicrafts may necessitate using local currency. If you plan to exchange cash in country, bring large U.S. bill ($50 or $100) in good condition that will give you the better rate when exchanging to local currency.

When using the ATM to withdrawal cash, keep in mind it might only accept cards from local banks or not allow cash advances on credit cards, and there are often transaction fees for withdrawals. Check with your bank before departure and be sure you know your PIN number ahead of the journey.

We suggest you have more than one card available, if possible. You may want to bring more than one brand of card (VISA and Mastercard are commonly accepted; American Express is less common). You can use credit cards at lodges to pay your bar and gift tabs. Not every location will accept every card and some smaller shops and restaurants, or taxis often require cash, so it is always a good idea to ask before making a purchase. We recommend that you advise your bank or credit card company that you will be traveling abroad to avoid questions, card freezes, or charges. If you have a choice of cards, bring one with no foreign exchange fees.

Traveler’s checks are not widely accepted, and can be difficult to exchange. We do not advise that you use them.

Gratuities

Tipping throughout the tour is at your discretion. Tips for baggage handling, meals, local guides and boatmen are included in the price of your trip. Tips for the housekeeping staff and your guides are not included.   It is customary to leave a gratuity for the lodge staff to share. This way you don’t have to worry about tipping a little at a time for porterage, tips for a beer, laundry, etc. – these will be shared by all. The recommended amount for this is $7-$10 a day per person. Jennifer MacKay will help coordinate the tipping effort for the El Pedregal staff to share, the San Carlos Beach Club is just a standard maid gratuity in your room if you wish to leave one.

We can coordinate tips for your local naturalist guide on the final day as a group or you can give it to David directly. If David has another local guide involved, he will share that tip. We hope that you will also be pleased with his professional service, and we find him quite extraordinary. If you choose to tip, here are some guidelines. Guides are typically given $10 - $20 per day as you feel comfortable.   Know that they appreciate anything you care to give and of course you can do more if you wish!

Please note recommended tips are quoted in U.S. dollars.

Cell Phones & Internet Service

Your guide is well connected and can help if any urgent communication need arises. However, it is highly recommended that you travel with a cell phone, if only as a precaution for the unfortunate occurrence of a medical emergency during an outing and needing swift accessibility to critical personal or medical contacts. 

Many cell phones from the USA will work within Mexico, although roaming and data charges may apply and can be expensive. Check with your carrier for coverage. Options include activating international roaming, purchasing a local SIM, or simply turning off cellular service and relying on Wi-Fi to make calls and access the internet.

Your hotels and local restaurants may provide Wi-Fi, at least in their common areas. Although generally a reliable service, it can be affected by adverse weather conditions in more remote locations. Consider downloading smart phone apps like Skype, WhatsApp, or Viber to send text messages, and make voice calls, or video calls via Wi-Fi. Renting an international phone may also be an option. If bringing a laptop or tablet, get a good dustcover to protect it at all times.

If you plan NOT to use your cell phone, we highly recommend that you turn off your cellular data. This will ensure that you do not incur international roaming charges. Another technique is to put your phone in airplane mode when not connected to WIFI, you can still use it for photos and the battery will last longer too.

Please refrain from taking or making cell phone calls in vehicles when traveling with other passengers, unless it is an emergency.

Electricity

Mexico plugs are 110 volts AV (60 cycles), as they are in the U.S. and Canada. You will not need a power plug adapter if you are using U.S. or Canadian plugs. Mexican socket types are type A and B. We recommend you bring a 3 to 2 prong adaptor just in case type B sockets are not available. More information can be found at https://www.power-plugs-sockets.com/mexico/.

Time

Sonora is in the Mountain Standard time zone. A great website if you want to tell someone to check ahead of calling you is www.timeanddate.com.

Questions?

Please contact Naturalist Journeys by email at clientservices@naturalistjourneys.com or telephone at our office: (520) 558-1146 or toll free: (866) 900-1146 if you have any questions. Many thanks for traveling with us and we hope you enjoy your journey!

 

Pace of the Tour & What to Expect

You will receive a Schedule-at-a-Glance and list of hotels (our eContact List) a few weeks before your departure. This will serve as an outline for each day and alert you to any recent changes made in the schedule or to our hotels, if needed.

Our journeys are set up to follow the rhythm of nature. Our focus is on birding and nature; we offer full, well-planned field days and often get up early for that magical time around dawn. We generally follow the published itinerary, but we stay flexible to the weather, wildlife opportunities and the interests of the group. Your guide will keep you apprised of the next day’s schedule at each evening meal, noting what to bring and what to prepare for. Questions and/or concerns are welcome.

The pace of our Naturalist Journeys tours is moderate; to fully participate you should be able to get in and out of vehicles several times a day, and walk 1-3 miles over uneven terrain. It is important to participate with a flexible attitude as adjustments may be made in our schedule to make the most of our time in the field or for other purposes at your guide's discretion. We are not a “listing” bird company that drills down on target species, but at times we do wait for those special species unique to the places we visit. During the day, we take time to stop for photos and for educational opportunities to learn about conservation projects, landscapes, and geology. We appreciate other taxa as well as birds, with mammals often the biggest draw but plants and butterflies are also very popular. Our clients often lend their own expertise to the mix.

We like to make meals a fun and memorable part of the experience, too. Breakfasts are often at hotels, and we carry snacks, fruit, and water in the vans each day. Lunches are a mix of picnics in the field (weather dependent) and a chance to dine with locals at small cafes and restaurants. For dinner, we pride ourselves in our homework to keep up with the best choices for dining, choosing restaurants with atmosphere that specialize in local foods. On occasion we keep dinner simple to go back out in the field for sunset wildlife viewing or night walks. In some remote locations, our choices are limited. If you are tired, room service for dinner may be an option you can choose.

Naturalist Journeys International Trips: Guide Role

Naturalist Journeys supports ecotourism and the development of excellent local guides. Once we know our international partners and guides well, we can send out small groups working directly with these trusted partners, adding a Naturalist Journeys guide to assist the local expert when we have a group of 6-7 or more. This helps us keep your costs down while retaining tour quality. The local guide is your main guide. You can expect your Naturalist Journeys guide to be well-researched and often they are experienced in the destination, but their role is not to be primary, it is to help to organize logistics, help you find birds, mammals, and interesting other species in the field, keep reports, help facilitate group interactions, and to keep the trip within Naturalist Journeys' style. Local guides live in the countries we travel to, know the destinations intimately, and are often the strongest force for conservation in their countries. They open many doors for us to have a rich experience.

Smoking

Smoking is not permitted in any vehicle or in any situation where the group is participating in an activity together, such as a vehicle excursion or a guided walk. Please respect all designated smoking areas at hotels and restaurants.

Transportation

As a courtesy to each other, we ask that all travelers please rotate seating. On international trips we may all be in one small bus, on some trips we are in vans, particularly the roomy Sprinter Vans when available. Some areas require us to be in smaller 4-wheel drive or safari vehicles. Rotation allows you to sit with different drivers and alternate front and back seating.

Photo Release & Sharing

We take many group photos and will share photos with the group. And after your tour, we will organize a chance to share photos via Dropbox or Google Photos. Please note that this is our policy and if you prefer to be excluded, we need to know ahead of your tour.

By registering for this tour, you agree to grant to Naturalist Journeys and its authorized representatives’ permission to record on photography film and/or video, pictures of my participation in the tour. You further agree that any or all of the material photographed may be used, in any form, as part of any future publications, brochure, or other printed materials used to promote Naturalist Journeys, and further that such use shall be without payment of fees, royalties, special credit or other compensation.

Travel Insurance

You are traveling in remote areas. Naturalist Journeys strongly recommends you have full medical and evacuation insurance from a company such as Allianz, for all international travel. If you do not have medical coverage or evacuation coverage on your existing travel insurance policy or for some reason elected not to take that out, we advise getting an evacuation plan with Global Rescue, World Nomads, Medjet, Allianz (they can do evacuation only) or a similar company. These plans are typically $300-$400 for a year for multiple destinations. This coverage may be a part of a larger Travel Insurance policy but can also be purchased on its own.

Questions?

Please contact Naturalist Journeys by email at clientservices@naturalistjourneys.com or telephone our office: (520) 558-1146 or toll free: (866) 900-1146 if you have any questions. Many thanks for traveling with us and we hope you enjoy your journey.

 

Please Pack Lightly!

We know that packing for our varied itinerary is challenging, but we hope you will pare down a bit. Layering is key. The good news is that everywhere we go, dress is casual. Soft-sided luggage is easier to load and move, so if you have the choice, please use soft bags or duffels. Be sure to have your name and address on the inside of all bags, as well as on a luggage tag on the handle. Be sure to pack your personal medication, airline tickets, passport, binoculars, camera, and other essential items in your carry-on bag. Please reconfirm your airline’s baggage weight and size restrictions about a week or so before departure.

Weather on this trip can vary a bit, but this time of year it is pretty perfect! Overall, expect lows in the mid-40s at night and 50s early in the morning. Daytime averages are in the mid-70s and sometimes into the mid-80s. There is a minimal possibility of rain, though if it rains, temperatures can be a bit lower.

Dress is informal. Choose clothing you don’t mind getting dirty, and things that are comfortable and easy. All dining attire is casual. Lightweight long-sleeve shirts and long pants make ideal field clothing, as they protect from sun, vegetation, and biting insects that may carry disease.  Note on clothing colors and insect repellent: We recommend muted colors of tan, brown, khaki, grey or green, as they are spotted less easily than white or bright colors, though camouflage clothing is not recommended. It is possible to purchase field clothing permeated with insect repellent such as the Craghoppers Insect Shield Clothing collection. Another approach is to purchase Permethrin spray (online or from REI) to treat your field clothing and socks before your departure. 

Clothing and Gear

• Lightweight or convertible hiking pants, 1-2 pair
• Lightweight long sleeve shirts, 2-3
• T-shirts, sleeveless and short-sleeved or equivalent, 2-3
• Comfortable clothes for evening (a cleaner version of your field clothes)
• Personal underclothing (consider what dries quickly if you plan to do laundry)
• Socks – lightweight, easy to wash and dry
• Comfortable walking shoes (such as tennis shoes)
• Lightweight hiking boots
• Sandals for evenings, travel days (optional)
• Lightweight jacket: fleece fabric is ideal, or a pullover/sweater
• Lightweight raincoat (great if this doubles as a windbreaker)
• Hat with broad brim
• Bandana (optional, great for cooling off when hot and sweaty)
• Bathing suit (optional, but nice pool facilities are at your lodgings)
• Field vest (optional), a great source is Big Pockets

Equipment and Miscellaneous

• Airline tickets, we recommend you have a paper and a digital copy backup on your phone
• Passport, visa (if required), travel insurance info, money & credit cards.
• A secure pouch to carry the items above on your person at all times (such as a secure, under-clothing document pouch)
• As a backup: copies of all the above (phone and/or paper) packed in a separate location than on your person, plus a set given to your emergency contact at home as a backup. For passport, copy of the  ID and entry stamp pages.
• Small daypack or fanny pack for carrying your field gear
• Cell phone and charger
• Binoculars (a hotel shower cap is great to cover these when it is raining)
• Spotting scope and tripod (optional – guide will have them)
• Camera and extra batteries/chargers, memory cards, lens cleaning supplies and your instruction manual
• Tablet or laptop for personal use and/or transferring photos, USB cord and charger (optional)
• Umbrella – compact and not brightly colored (optional)
• Walking sticks (optional, but recommended if you usually use them when hiking)
• Flashlight or headlamp with fresh batteries
• Alarm clock
• Sunscreen/lip balm and waterproof sunblock
• Sunglasses with neck strap
• Insect repellent (containing at least 20% DEET)
• Toiletry articles
• Earplugs (if hotel noise or roommates snoring may bother you; these are optional)
• Water bottle (can easily be bought in the airport and refilled daily)
• Notebook or journal and pen (optional)
• Field guides (optional)
• 3 to 2 prong outlet adaptors
• Rechargeable power bank (optional)

 

WE DO NOT RECOMMEND TRAVELING WITH PRECIOUS OR VALUABLE JEWELRY – don’t tempt anyone and don’t bring things you’d regret losing - your mind will be at ease!

Medical and First Aid Items

• Heath insurance and vaccination information (kept in personal pouch with other travel documents)
• Personal medication (and copy of vital prescriptions, including glasses)
• Personal first aid kit including medications for general and stomach ailments
• Motion sickness preventatives if likely to be needed on van, etc.
• Extra pair of eyeglasses or contacts
• Band-Aids, moleskin to protect against blisters

 

These books are, of course, optional, but recommended to help you get the most out of your trip. There are many titles of interest for Mexico; the following are a few that we have enjoyed that can get you started.

Field Guides and Apps

Birds of Mexico and Central America

A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America

A Field Guide to Mexican Birds: Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador 

Flowering Plants of the Neotropics

Merlin Bird ID, Cornell Lab of Ornithology – Free app you can download here, and then select the Bird Pack for the appropriate part of Mexico.

General Reading: Nature

Tropical Deciduous Forest of Alamos: Biodiversity of a Threatened Ecosystem in Mexico

Tropical Nature: Life and Death in the Rain Forests of Central and South America

The New Neotropical Companion

General Reading: Culture & Conservation

Mexico: Sonora & Chihuahua Map

Mexico - Culture Smart! The Essential Guide to Customs

Our Stories of Alamos, Un Pueblo Magico: Alamos, Sonora, Mexico

Your guide will also have a selection of reference books and materials for participants to share. As an Amazon Associate, Naturalist Journeys earns from qualifying purchases, and may get commissions for purchases made through links on this page at no added cost to you.

 

General

Alamos

• https://alamosmexico.com/city-facts-about-alamos-sonora/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Álamos
• https://www.mexperience.com/travel/colonial/alamos/

La Aduana

• https://alamos-sonora-mexico.com/journal/journal-entries-11-20/la-aduana/

El Pedregal

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardines_del_Pedregal

Hermosillo

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermosillo

San Carlos

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Carlos_Nuevo_Guaymas

Santa Ana

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Ana,_Sonora

Nature, Wildlife & Biology

Alamos, Sonora, MX eBird Printable Field Checklist

• https://ebird.org/me/printableList?regionCode=MX-SON-003

San Carlos Bird Guide

• https://thebirdguide.com/a-guide-to-the-birds-and-birding-sites-of-san-carlos-mexico/

Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico

• https://www.inaturalist.org/lists/84594-Amphibians-and-Reptiles-of-Mexicos-Check-List?page=1

Tropical Deciduous Forest and The Sonoran Desert: A Strong Connection

• https://www.desertmuseumdigitallibrary.org/programs/alamos_index.php

Matorral

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matorral

Flora of Southern Sonora

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/programs/alamos_flora.php

Vegetation of the Alamos Region of Sonora

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/programs/alamos_vegetation.php

Selected Wildlife of the Alamos Region of Sonora

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/programs/alamos_fauna.php

Conservation, Parks & Reserves

Research and Conservation in Alamos, Sonora, MX

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/center/research.php

“An Effective Alternative for Habitat Conservation” – Article in Sonoran Joint Venture

• https://sonoranjv.org/alternative-for-habitat-conservation/

Navopatia Field Station – Sonora, MX

• https://www.navopatia.org/

Conservation Issues in Sonora, MX – The Biodiversity Group (.org)

• https://biodiversitygroup.org/conservation-issues-mexico/

Sierra de Álamos – Río Cuchujaqu Biosphere Reserve (UNESCO)

• https://en.unesco.org/biosphere/lac/alamos_cuchujaqui

Geology & Geography

Generalized Geologic map of Sonora, Mexico

• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Generalized-geologic-map-of-southern-Sonora-the-location-of-the-transect-is-indicated_fig2_228369779

The Geologic Origin of the Sonoran Desert

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/books/nhsd_geologic_origin.php

The Topography of the Sonoran Desert and Surrounding Areas

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/books/nhsd_geologic_origin.php#topography

Geography of Alamos, Mexico

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lamos#Geography

Cuchujaqui River

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Cuchujaqui

Estero El Soldado

• https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1982?language=en

History & Culture

History and Culture of Alamos

• https://www.desertmuseum.org/programs/alamos_history.php

Art and Artists of Alamos

• https://alamosmexico.com/arts-culture/

Historic Town of Alamos (UNESCO)

• https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1541/

Helpful Travel Websites

Tucson International (TUS)

• https://www.flytucson.com/

National Passport Information Center

• https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports.html

U.S. Department of State, Mexico International Travel Information - Mexico

• https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Mexico.html

Homeland Security Real ID Act

• https://www.dhs.gov/real-id

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)

• https://www.cbp.gov/travel

Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

• https://www.tsa.gov/

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) - Mexico

• https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/mexico

Canada Travel Advise and Advisories - Mexico

• https://travel.gc.ca/destinations/mexico

Travel Health Pro (UK) – Mexico

• https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/country/147/mexico

Foreign Exchange Rates

• https://www.xe.com/

ATM Locator

• https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/personal/get-support/find-nearest-atm.html
• https://www.visa.com/atmlocator/

Electricity and Plugs - Mexico

• https://www.power-plugs-sockets.com/mexico/

Date, Time, and Holidays – Mexico

• https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/mexico/sonora
• https://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/mexico/